Ponds are small bodies of water through which, as with other shallow standing waters, light penetrates to the bottom, allowing the development of macrophyte vegetation, which supports a greater invertebrate diversity compared to habitats lacking vegetation. This research was conducted in September of 2020 in ten locations in the Kopački rit area. On each location, sediment and macrophyte vegetation has been sampled. Taxonomic groups of invertebrate epiphytic communities and macrozoobenthos were counted and separated, and chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) larvae were determined to the lowest taxonomic category. Twenty-one invertebrate taxonomic groups and 18 chironomid larvae taxa were determined in the epiphytic communities, while 19 invertebrate taxonomic groups and 29 chironomid larvae taxa were determined in the macrozoobenthic communities. Throughout the epiphytic communities, the most abundant group were the Heteroptera, and Oligochaeta and Chironomidae in the macrozoobenthic communities. Cricotopus, gr. sylvestris, an obligate phytophage, stands out in the communities developed on macrophytes Myriophyllum sp. and Ceratophyllum sp., which have shown to be an optimal substrate because of their dissected leaves. In the macrozoobenthic community the most abundant chironomid taxa was Chironomus sp., characteristic for highlyproductive water bodies and tolerant to low oxygene concentration. Conductivity, depth, and oxygen concentration were determined to be most significant for the development of invertebrate communities and chironomid larvae. The great biodiversity within diverse communities establishes ponds as complex systems, suitable as a refuge for numerous invertebrates.